Historiographus:About

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Project Historiographus

Historiographus is a prototype for a Semantic Wiki in the History of Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics, and Medicine.

This project intends to set up a wiki system that develops collaboratively a semantically annotated web knowledge-base on history of science. The content of this knowledge-base will include concepts, agents, events, statements and objects, in the domain both of the history and the historiography of science and its relation with science education. This content will be represented and processed with hypertext using semantic annotations, allowing the extension of information to a new conceptual level, capable of being edited, read and interpreted both by non information-technicians and machines. The Historiographus project will be a semantic, responsible, and specialized electronic encyclopedia, where contributors will be members of the various levels of the education community, using their real names and affiliations.

The project team

The development of Historiographus was started and has remained so far as a one man effort. That should come to an end as soon as possible, and the present Historiographus should be replaced by a real team based project.

Historiographus needs urgently the collaboration of history of science and information researchers, and we eagerly welcome those interested to come forward and participate.

Follow this in the Community Portal.

The HiSTEMM ontology

The first step of the project will be to prepare the HiSTEMM ontology, defining the explicit formal specifications of the classes of terms and concepts in the history of science domain, together with its properties and relations among them. This ontology will define the structure of the wiki, including the categories of pages that will be present, together with their attributes and relations. Although the ontology will be primarily directed for its application in the semantic wiki, it may also be reused in other contexts where the automatic processing of history of science knowledge will be necessary. The relation between the ontology and the wiki will be a dynamic and bi-directional one, as the growing and development of the latter will also cause the redefinition of the former.

Tools and methods

This project will use already tested informatics tools and standards for the creation and maintenance of ontologies and semantic wikis.

For the ontology

Historiographus bases its work on previous efforts in the area of history ontology building, like the VICODI project, and the SWHi (Semantic Web for History) project.

All the ontology work is done with the Protégé ontology editor and knowledge-base framework.

For the Semantic Wiki

Historiographus is built upon three different layers of software:

  1. MediaWiki - The same software of Wikipedia.
  2. Semantic MediaWiki (SMW) Project - Adding Semantic hyperlinks and annotations to MediaWiki.
  3. Extension:Semantic Forms - Forms for adding and editing semantic data.

See Version page for current versions of installed software and extensions.

General options and topics

Special namespaces

Historiographus uses special namespaces for essential auxiliary information not specific to the history of science:

  1. Citation (abbreviated Cit) for bibliographic citations.
  2. Calendar (abbreviated Cal) for time intervals.
  3. Geographic (abbreviated Geo) for geographic locations that do not inherit properties from other classes.

Special topics in Historiographus

References

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  2. Boonstra, O.; Breure, L. & Doorn, P. (2004), Past, present and future of historical information science, Netherlands Institute for Scientific Information: Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences.
  3. Brewster, C. & O'Hara, K. (2004), 'Knowledge representation with ontologies: the present and future', IEEE Intelligent Systems 19, 72-81.
  4. Crofts, N.; Doerr, M.; Gill, T.; Stead, S. & Stiff, M. (2005),'Definition of the CIDOC Conceptual Reference Model,', Technical report, ICOM/CIDOC Documentation Standards Group.
  5. Devedzic, V. (2006), Semantic Web and Education, Springer.
  6. Doerr, M. (2003), 'The CIDOC conceptual reference module: an ontological approach to semantic interoperability of metadata', AI Mag. 24, 75-92.
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  9. Nagypal, G. (2005), History ontology building: The technical view, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Amsterdam, pp. 207-214.
  10. Nagypal, G. (2004), Creating an Application-Level Ontology for the Complex Domain of History: Mission Impossible?, in 'LWA 2004: Lernen - Wissensentdeckung - Adaptivität, Berlin, 4. - 6. Oktober 2004, Workshopwoche der GI-Fachgruppen/Arbeitskreise', Humbold-Universität Berlin, , pp. 287-294.
  11. Nagypal, G.; Deswarte, R. & Oosthoek, J. (2005), 'Applying the Semantic Web: The VICODI Experience in Creating Visual Contextualization for History', Lit Linguist Computing 20, 327-349.
  12. Nagypal, G. & Motik, B. (2003), A fuzzy model for representing uncertain, subjective and vague temporal knowledge in ontologies, in 'On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2003 - Coopis, DOA, and Odbase', Springer, Catania, Sicily, Italy, pp. 906-923.
  13. Oren, E.; Breslin, J. G. & Decker, S. (2006), How semantics make better wikis, in 'Proceedings of the 15th international conference on World Wide Web', ACM, Edinburgh, Scotland, pp. 1071-1072.
  14. Pasin, M.; Motta, E.; Motta, E. & Zdrahal, Z. (2007), Capturing knowledge about philosophy, in 'Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Knowledge capture', ACM, Whistler, BC, Canada, pp. 47-54.
  15. Schaffert, S.; Gruber, A. & Westenthaler, R. (2005), 'A Semantic Wiki for Collaborative Knowledge Formation', proceedings of SEMANTICS 2005 Conference, Vienna, Austria, November, 23-25.
  16. Souzis, A. (2005), 'Building a Semantic Wiki', IEEE Intelligent Systems 20(5), 87-91.
  17. Suranyi, G. M.; Nagypal, G. & Schmidt, A. (2004), Intelligent Retrieval of Digital Resources by Exploiting Their Semantic Context'On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems 2004: CoopIS, DOA, and ODBASE', Springer, , pp. 705-723.
  18. Sure, Y.; Bloehdorn, S.; Haase, P.; Hartmann, J. & Oberle, D. (2005), The SWRC Ontology - Semantic Web for Research Communities, in Carlos Bento; Amilcar Cardoso & Gael Dias, ed.,'Proceedings of the 12th Portuguese Conference on Artificial Intelligence - Progress in Artificial Intelligence (EPIA 2005)', Springer, Covilha, Portugal, pp. 218 - 231.
  19. Tolksdorf, R. & Simperl, E. P. B. (2006), Towards Wikis as semantic hypermedia, in 'Proceedings of the 2006 international symposium on Wikis', ACM, Odense, Denmark, pp. 79-88.
  20. Veltman, K. H. (2004), 'Towards a Semantic Web for Culture', Journal of Digital Information 4(4).
  21. Wedervang-Jensen, E. & Driscoll, M. (2006),'Report on XML mark-up of biographical and prosopographical data', Technical report, Text Encoding Initiative TEI Personography Activity.
  22. Wilcox, K. (2005-2006),'Semantic Web Technologies in Cultural History: The State of the Art', Online paper. First published June 15, 2005; updated June 1, 2006.
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